Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Lin, Peixin
Yin, Xiaolin
Zheng, Xuankun
He, Sijia
Cai, Yuexin
Deng, Xiaozheng
Chen, Tongtong
Liang, Weiquan
Liang, Suqiong
Liang, Yuanke
Lu, Yiwen
Lin, Haoyu
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The “Talents Support Program” of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College
Guangdong Province clinical teaching base teaching reform project (No.59)
Guangdong Provincial Project of Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform for Undergraduate Universities (No.128)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 25 May 2026
Accepted: 11 August 2026
First Online: 15 August 2026
Declarations
Ethical approval and consent to participate: This study involved human participants (first-year medical students) and was conducted in accordance with the relevant requirements of the "Measures for Ethical Review of Biomedical Research Involving Humans" (Order No. 11 of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, China), the "Measures for Ethical Review of Life Science and Medical Research Involving Humans" (Order No. 4 of the National Health Commission's Science and Education Department, China), and followed the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study design was reviewed by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, which granted a waiver of full ethical review on 4 July 2024. The waiver was issued on the grounds that the research posed minimal risk to participants, consisting exclusively of standard educational practices, anonymous questionnaire surveys, and in-depth interviews within an educational setting.The research team obtained informed consent from all individual participants included in the study through written documentation (signed consent forms) between September 2024 and July 2025; the scope of consent explicitly covers participation, data use, and consent to publish.
Consent for publication: Not Applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
