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Article History

Received: 2 July 2022

Accepted: 9 January 2023

First Online: 19 January 2023

Declarations

:

: The study received ethics approvals from both the Health Research Committee (HREC) of the Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences in South Africa (Ethics Reference Number S19/01/005) and the College of Medicine Research Ethics Committee (COMREC) in Malawi (COMREC reference number P.08/19/2770). Individual written informed consent was obtained from each of the participants who agreed to take part in the study prior to their recruitment into the study. All information obtained from the study participants was kept confidential. Data was stored in a password protected computer to prevent access by unauthorized persons. All study procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical guidelines and principles of the international Declaration of Helsinki, CIOMS Guidelines, Belmont Report and Ethical Guidelines for Research issued by the National Commission for Science and Technology.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.