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Article History

Received: 5 August 2024

Accepted: 2 January 2025

First Online: 11 January 2025

Declarations

:

: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, ID: CAMS&PUMC-IEC-2024-045. The ethical approval document, including the official seal, is provided as a supplementary PDF file in the manuscript submission system. The research was conducted in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations for studies involving human participants and/or human tissue samples. The questionnaire was fully anonymized, and did not reveal any of the participants’ personal information or any other detail that could be used to identify them. A form to obtain their informed consent was included in the introductory section of the questionnaire, where the participants were required to confirm that they understood the research-related information, and expressed their willingness to participate in the study by clicking an “Agree” button or checking a consent box.

: Not Applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.