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Authors
Issı, Elif Simin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1950-9141
İncebacak, Furkan https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4562-4668
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Article History
Received: 9 June 2025
Accepted: 14 August 2025
First Online: 8 October 2025
Declarations
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: The study analysed only publicly available, anonymised Supreme Court decisions retrieved from the Turkish Court of Cassation’s open-access database. According to the Turkish Ministry of Health Regulation on Clinical Research and the WMA Declaration of Helsinki (2013, art. 23), research that does not involve human subjects or identifiable personal data is exempt from ethics-committee review. Therefore, no institutional ethics approval or informed consent was required.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
