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Authors
Wen, Heling
Huang, Zheng
Zhang, Rui
Jiang, Yifeng
Peng, Lei
Chen, Yu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Chengdu Science and Technology Bureau (2022-YF05-01940-SN)
the “PRO•Run” Fund of the Nephrology Group of CEBM (KYJ202206-0003-1)
Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan (2023NSFSC0590)
Sichuan Provincial Medical Association Medical Research Project (S2024022)
Chengdu Medical Grant (2024026)
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Article History
Received: 10 April 2025
Accepted: 9 October 2025
First Online: 12 November 2025
Declarations
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: The Institutional Review Boards and Ethics Committees of The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Chengdu Medical College approved the study protocols and written informed participants’ consent (Ref. 2024042). Before enrolment, all participants provided written consent, wherein they were informed that they could freely withdraw from the study. There would be no negative consequences from opting not to participate in the study. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations, including the Chinese Prevention of Cruelty to Human Subjects Act and the Code of Practice for the Care and Use of Human Subjects for Scientific Purposes. This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
