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Authors
Muñoz-del-Carpio-Toia, Agueda
Guerra-Pérez, Hardy Erick
Begazo-Muñoz-del-Carpio, Lucía
Ramos-Vargas, Luis Fernando
Dávila-del-Carpio, Gonzalo
Peña-Pinto, Yannina Melissa
Díaz-del-Olmo-Calvo, Patricio
Mendoza-Carrera, Enrique
Valenti, Emanuele
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Internal Scientific Integrity fund of the Vicerrectorado de Investigación at the Universidad Católica de Santa María
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Article History
Received: 28 October 2024
Accepted: 10 November 2025
First Online: 13 December 2025
Declarations
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: Informed consent was obtained from all university students who participated in the study, there were no minors under 17 years old (see supplementary data 2). The participation of university students was voluntary and anonymous. The questionnaire did not include sensitive personal data. Prior to completing the questionnaire, participants were presented with informed consent. The project received a favorable review with approval number 004–2024 CIEI-UCSM from the Ethics Committee of the Universidad Católica de Santa María.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
