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Article History

Received: 6 August 2020

Accepted: 4 November 2020

First Online: 19 November 2020

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: Data was collected as part of routine care by the responsible clinical team. Data was anonymised at the point of extraction by the care team and no patient identifiable data is reported in this analysis. The study protocol was approved by the Antimicrobial Stewardship Group at Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust and this was confirmed (i) as a service development (Reference AP_89) and (ii) that individual written consent to participate was not required by the Research & Development Office of Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust. The analysis was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki declaration.

: Not applicable.

: All authors have completed the ICMJE form for uniform disclosure Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest and declare the following: EC has received speaker fees from bioMerieux (2019). NM has received speaker fees from Beyer (2016) and Pfizer (2019–2020) and received educational support from Eumedica (2016) and Baxter (2017). LSPM has consulted for DNAelectronics (2015–18), Dairy Crest (2017–2018), bioMerieux (2013–2020), Umovis Lab (2020), received speaker fees from Profile Pharma (2018–2019) and Pfizer (2018–2020), received research grants from the National Institute for Health Research (2013–2020), CW + Charity (2018–2020), and Leo Pharma (2016), and received educational support from Eumedica (2016–2018). AA and AP none to declare.