Lieberman, Benjamin
Kong, Jude Dzevela
Gusinow, Roy
Asgary, Ali
Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
Choma, Joshua
Dahbi, Salah-Eddine
Hayashi, Kentaro
Kar, Deepak
Kawonga, Mary
Mbada, Mduduzi
Monnakgotla, Kgomotso
Orbinski, James
Ruan, Xifeng
Stevenson, Finn
Wu, Jianhong
Mellado, Bruce
Funding for this research was provided by:
International Development Research Centre (109559-001, 109559-001)
International Development Research Centre (109559-001, 109559-001, 109559-001)
Styrelsen för Internationellt Utvecklingssamarbete (109559-001, 109559-001)
Styrelsen för Internationellt Utvecklingssamarbete (109559-001, 109559-001, 109559-001)
Article History
Received: 22 May 2022
Accepted: 2 January 2023
First Online: 26 January 2023
Declarations
:
: The Ethics approval to use the data was deemed unnecessary according to national legislation. In the context of South Africa, collecting data in hospitals does not require ethical review and approval. The administrative approval to access the raw anonymized data, analyze it, and use it for publication was given by the Provincial Government of Gauteng. The premier office is represented by Mr. Mduduzi Mbada, who is a co-author of the manuscript. All authors have been personally and actively involved in substantial work leading to the paper and take public responsibility for its content. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant national and international guidelines and regulations. All authors have approved the manuscript.
: Not applicable
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.