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Authors
Jin, Yudi
Su, Tong
Fan, Yanjia
Zheng, Yineng
Tian, Cheng
Ouyang, Zubin
Lv, Fajin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the First-class Discipline Construction Project of Clinical Medicine in the First Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University (CYYY-BSYJSKYCXXM202412)
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Article History
Received: 18 June 2024
Accepted: 23 June 2025
First Online: 25 July 2025
Declarations
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: The data in the SEER database do not require informed patient consent and are deemed exempt from the ethics committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. The data used for external validation were approved by the ethics committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (ID: No. 2020–59). Informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of de-identified patient data. The present study was complied with the ethical standards of Helsinki Declaration.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
