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Authors
Zhu, Xinyu
Lu, Denglu
Wu, Yang
Lu, Yanqi
He, Liang
Deng, Yanyun
Mu, Xingyu
Fu, Wei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82460356, 82402332)
Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (2025GXNSFHA069001)
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Article History
Received: 11 May 2025
Accepted: 9 July 2025
First Online: 15 July 2025
Declarations
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: This research adheres to the Helsinki standards for research on human subjects. The Institutional Review Boards of both participating tertiary medical centers—Liuzhou Worker’s Hospital (Center I) and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University (Center II)—approved this multicenter retrospective study (approval numbers: 2023QTLL-16 and XJS2018094, respectively). The ethics committees waived the requirement for informed consent due to the retrospective nature of the study.
: The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent for publication of the images in Fig. .
: The authors declare no competing interests.
