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Article History

Received: 20 June 2025

Accepted: 1 September 2025

First Online: 29 September 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was submitted to and reviewed by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Florida International University (full name: Florida International University Institutional Review Board). The study was approved as exempt research, as it involved educational tests, survey procedures, interview procedures, or observation of public behavior (IRB Protocol #115871). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, as it involved research on human data. The physicians participated voluntarily as professional evaluators of AI-generated responses to clinical scenarios, and no patient information or protected health information was used in any aspect of this research. Informed consent was obtained from physician participants who were expert evaluators of AI-generated responses to simulated clinical scenarios.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.