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Authors
De Furia, Alexander
Branco, Paula
Henderson, Matthew
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Article History
Received: 23 October 2024
Accepted: 1 December 2025
First Online: 22 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved, with the requirement to obtain consent waived, by the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Ethics Board (REB). The CHEO REB criteria for waiving informed consent includes that the information used is essential to the research, is unlikely to adversely affect the welfare of the individuals to whom the information relates, and it is impossible or impracticable to seek consent from all individuals to whom the information relates. Permission for the secondary use of newborn screening data for the purposes of research was obtained from Newborn Screening Ontario.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
