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Authors
Ezati, Mehdi
Masroor, Bahar
Kahramfar, Zohreh
Najafi-Vosough, Roya https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2871-5748
Amiri, Fatemeh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-4734
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Hamadan University of Medical Science (140308227259)
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Article History
Received: 25 August 2025
Accepted: 23 February 2026
First Online: 28 February 2026
Declarations
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: The study was conducted after official approval by the ethics committee at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (Ethics code: IR.UMSHA.REC.1403.591). If the patient was hospitalized at the time of data collection, the participants or their legal guardians provided informed consent. In some situation, e.g. discharge from the hospital, the requirement for completing the consent form was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study, but with approving by the ethics committee. All procedures were carried out in accordance with local regulations governing research involving human subjects and the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
