Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Koluman, Ali Can https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0191-3229
Ciftci, Ebru Aloglu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2459-5080
Ciftci, Mehmet Utku https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5594-4138
Cakmur, Başar Burak https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2720-1975
Ziroglu, Nezih https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2595-9459
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 16 January 2026
Accepted: 15 July 2026
First Online: 30 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study did not involve human participants, patient data, or human biological material and exclusively evaluated AI-generated textual responses to predefined patient-centered questions. Orthopaedic specialists participated solely as expert reviewers to assess anonymized AI outputs and were not considered research participants. No personal, demographic, or identifiable information was collected. In accordance with institutional policy and national regulations, ethics committee approval was not required for this type of study. An official waiver was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Istanbul Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, which confirmed that ethical approval was not necessary (decision dated 06.02.2026). Informed consent to participate was not required, as no human participants were involved. Because the study did not involve human participants or patient data, the Declaration of Helsinki was not applicable.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
