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Authors
Liu, Chunmei
Wei, Zhongning
Qiu, Yang
Ju, Ying
Chu, Fulu
Lu, Bingru
Ding, Shan
Liu, Yiqing
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023MH358)
the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2020MH316)
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Article History
Received: 4 December 2025
Accepted: 20 July 2026
First Online: 8 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: We confirm that all methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines. This work has been carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (2000) of the World Medical Association. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (SWYX: NO.2023 − 419), and all participants provided written informed consent.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
