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Authors
Sarkar, Atiquer Rahman https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-2930
Chuang, Yao-Shun
Sarmin, Fatima Jahan
Jiang, Xiaoqian
Mohammed, Noman
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Article History
Received: 30 March 2026
Accepted: 28 August 2026
First Online: 15 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. This study involved secondary analysis of the 2014 i2b2/UTHealth de-identification corpus, accessed under the applicable Data Use Agreement. All procedures and data handling were performed in accordance with the applicable Data Use Agreement and relevant institutional guidelines and regulations. The original creation, de-identification, annotation, and distribution of the 2014 i2b2/UTHealth corpus were approved by the Institutional Review Boards of MIT, Partners HealthCare, and SUNY Albany.
Consent for publication: Not applicable. No participants were recruited or contacted, and the authors analyzed only a pre-existing de-identified research corpus accessed under the applicable Data Use Agreement.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
