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Authors
Kawakita, Toshimi
Hosoda, Yasuko
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (20K10621)
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Article History
Received: 1 February 2024
Accepted: 11 September 2024
First Online: 19 September 2024
Declarations
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: This study was conducted with the approval of the Osaka Prefecture University Graduate School of Nursing Research Ethics Committee (application number 2019-36). A written explanation was given to the participants regarding the significance, purpose, and method of the research; respect for the free will of the participants’ cooperation in the research; protection of privacy; preservation of data anonymity; and disclosure of research results. Informed consent was obtained when the participants responded to the consent form and returned the completed questionnaire. Permission to use the scales was obtained from the developer and translator.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
