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Article History

Received: 3 August 2024

Accepted: 5 November 2024

First Online: 26 November 2024

Declarations

:

: The research obtained ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Addis Ababa University’s College of Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, under protocol No: 47/22/SNM. Following this, an official approval letter from the Department of Nursing, along with a support letter and a copy of the ethical clearance, was submitted to Adama Hospital Medical College (AHMC) for data collection. All necessary permissions were secured from AHMC. Participants’ anonymity was preserved, and their names were not disclosed. They were briefed on the study’s purpose, benefits, and risks, and written consent for participation and audio recording was obtained from all participants prior to the start of the study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.