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Article History

Received: 24 May 2024

Accepted: 12 December 2024

First Online: 20 December 2024

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (Diary number: 2019–02112/2021–03368) and by the heads of the ambulance stations. Prior to the study, all participants provided informed written consent to participate. For participants in the test-retest and cross-sectional studies, informed consent was obtained by completing the survey. For the cross-sectional study, surveys were assigned unique random identifiers and digitized by an independent external firm, which was not affiliated with our research team. The data were subsequently analysed by our research team. All data were handled in a confidential manner accessible only by the study’s authors. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations of the Declaration of Helsinki, a statement of ethical principles which directs research involving human subjects.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.