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Article History

Received: 13 August 2024

Accepted: 28 January 2025

First Online: 4 February 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University (Grant No. 2024PS1024K). All procedures followed relevant guidelines and regulations. Each participant signed an informed consent form before completing the questionnaire, and all data were anonymized to ensure the privacy and confidentiality of the participants.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The authors of this study declare that they have no financial or commercial interests that could be perceived as a potential conflict of interest.