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Article History

Received: 21 March 2024

Accepted: 24 February 2025

First Online: 7 March 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: BT is a vice-president of the APN Network of Latin America and the Caribbean and an ambassador for the American Association of APNs and the president of the Brazilian Association of APN. All authors declare that they have no competing interests related to this work.

: Ethical approval and permission to conduct the study were obtained from the ethics committees of Bielefeld University (reference number: 2022-87) and Western Paraná State University (UNIOESTE) (reference number: 5.349.117). All methods and procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations as stipulated by the Ethical Committees. The research strictly followed the ethical principles outlined in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. Prior to conducting the focus group interviews, participant information, including the purpose of the study, the course of the focus groups and the data protection measures implemented, was provided. All participants provided written consent to participate in this study. Data confidentiality was strictly guaranteed throughout the entire study on the basis of a contract between the German and Brazilian research institutions. The data were processed solely via the Sciebo® website, a noncommercial cloud storage platform used by public research institutions in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and secure network drives owned by Bielefeld University.