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Article History

Received: 26 September 2024

Accepted: 3 March 2025

First Online: 13 March 2025

Declarations

:

: The Research Ethics Committees of School of Nursing and Midwifery & Rehabilitation of Tehran University of Medical Sciences approved the current study (no. IR.TUMS.FNM.REC.1402.225). In this study, we adhered to the principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and the ethical declaration of Helsinki. Informed written consent was obtained from the nurses. The participants were ensured of the confidentiality of their information and the right to withdraw from the study. All interviews were recorded using the researcher’s mobile phone with participants’ permission. To maintain confidentiality, each participant was assigned a unique code. Audio recordings and transcripts were securely stored in a system accessible only to the research team. Additionally, identifying information such as participants’ names, ages, or specific wards was excluded from the final report to further ensure confidentiality. Participants were thoroughly informed that their data would be used solely for research purposes and would not be shared with their colleagues or supervisors.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Not applicable.