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Authors
Villagracia, Hazel Novela https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1708-7301
Akhdair, Tajah Ali
Sallam, Salwa Abd El Gawad https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5924-0795
Villagracia, Rico William A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8199-7655
Alshammari, Bushra https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9631-8870
Alrasheeday, Awatif M.
Nageeb, Shaimaa Mohamed
Dando, Lea L.
Nacubuan, Odeta A.
Alsaif, Turki Ahmed https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1799-5516
Raguindin, Sage Mesias https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8962-4490
Caspillo, Ingrid Jacinto-
Alshammari, Salman Amish
Alshammari, Mubarak Ashewi Eid
Grande, Rizal Angelo N. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4806-6570
Berdida, Daniel Joseph E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5001-6946
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Scientific Research Deanship at University of Ha’il (UOH), Ha’il, Saudi Arabia (GR-24 006)
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Article History
Received: 2 November 2024
Accepted: 31 March 2025
First Online: 10 April 2025
Declarations
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: Ethics approval was secured from University of Hail Research Ethics Committee (H-2024-145; approved March 18, 2024). Participants signed an informed consent and willingly participated in this study. Additionally, researchers adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki in conducting research involving human participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
