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Article History

Received: 28 December 2024

Accepted: 1 April 2025

First Online: 30 September 2025

Declarations

:

: All procedures involving human participants were followed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration as well as its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Bandirma Onyedi Eylül University Health Sciences Non-Invasive Research. The Ethics Committee evaluated the ethics, safety, and scientific validity of the study and granted the ethics approval (Approval No: 2023 − 144, Date: 18.10.2023). Institutional approval was received from the Provincial Directorate of Health, Giresun. Additionally, the study was conducted anonymously, and the data were securely stored by designated corresponding researcher to fully protect the privacy of the participants and enhance the reliability of the results. The participants were informed about the aim and procedures of the study, and their online informed consent was acquired before they provided any personal data.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.