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Authors
Ghahramanian, Akram https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3925-1272
Ghasempour, Mostafa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9679-2783
Zamanzadeh, Vahid https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4664-750X
Valizadeh, Leila https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7047-5309
Killam, Laura A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5075-444X
Purabdollah, Majid
Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3284-9749
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Article History
Received: 19 October 2024
Accepted: 10 April 2025
First Online: 18 April 2025
Declarations
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: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethics. This study was conducted as a part of a doctoral dissertation in nursing after receiving the ethical approval code from the Regional Research Ethics Committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (Ethical Code: IR.TBZMED.REC.1400.608). Written informed consent was obtained from each participant before the interviews were initiated, ensuring their voluntary and informed participation.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
