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Article History

Received: 23 August 2024

Accepted: 5 May 2025

First Online: 19 May 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was executed with ethical approval from the Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee of the University of the Free State (UFS-HSD2023/0654/2811) and the Ghana Health Service Ethics Research Committee (GHS-ERC: 003/07/23). Gatekeeper permissions were sought from the selected NEIs, the N&MC, the HTI, the GTEC, and the Ghana Registered Nurses and Midwives Association of Ghana (GRNMA). The study was conducted in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The researchers observed all ethical principles applicable to human participants, including verbal and written informed consent, confidentiality, privacy, anonymity and participants’ liberty to withdraw from the study at any stage without sanctions.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.