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Article History

Received: 12 February 2025

Accepted: 16 June 2025

First Online: 7 July 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Nursing at Sohag University, Egypt, on 7th August 2024 (Approval No. 181). The research adhered to institutional guidelines, relevant local laws, and the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki to protect the rights, dignity, and welfare of all participants. Participants were fully informed about the study’s purpose, procedures, and their rights, including the right to decline or withdraw at any time without any consequences. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before data collection. Although the study involved minimal risk, such as minor emotional discomfort when reflecting on personal competence or time management habits, these risks were mitigated by assuring participants they could skip any questions they felt uncomfortable answering. Support contact information was made available in case participants needed assistance. Confidentiality was strictly ensured throughout the study. Data were collected anonymously and stored in encrypted files on password-protected devices accessible only to the research team. No identifying information was linked to participant responses, and all data were used solely for research purposes.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.