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Authors
El-Ashry, Ayman Mohamed https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7718-4942
Mohamed Elsayed Abdo, Bashair
Khedr, Mahmoud Abdelwahab
El-Sayed, Mona Metwally
Abdelhay, Islam Sameh
Abou Zeid, Mennat-Allah G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1791-4867
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Alexandria University
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Article History
Received: 18 December 2024
Accepted: 23 June 2025
First Online: 2 July 2025
Declarations
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: Formal approval and permission to conduct the research were diligently obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Nursing at Damanhour University, Egypt (IRB/DAMANHOUR/87 C/10/2023). All participants gave written informed consent to participate in the study. The right to refuse to participate in the study or to withdraw at any time was guaranteed. The data’s confidentiality and the study subjects’ anonymity were maintained.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
