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Authors
Elsharkawy, Nadia Bassuoni https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3316-7312
Ramadan, Osama Mohamed Elsayed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9616-8590
Hafiz, Alaa Hussain
Katooa, Nouran Essam
Abunar, Areej
Attallah, Dena Marwan A.
Dewan, Mashael
Alruwaili, Majed Mowanes
Alruwaili, Abeer Nuwayfi
Abdelaziz, Enas Mahrous
Alkhadam, Arab Qassim
Ouda, Marwa Mohamed
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
This work was funded by the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at Jouf University under grant No. ((DGSSR-2024-01-02206).)
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Article History
Received: 5 May 2025
Accepted: 27 June 2025
First Online: 2 July 2025
Declarations
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: This research was granted ethical clearance by the Jouf University Bioethics Institutional Review Board (Approval No. 7526) in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Each participant provided written informed consent after receiving a thorough explanation of the study protocol, including assurances of confidentiality and the right to withdraw at any time.
: This manuscript does not contain any individual images or identifiable personal data.
: Prior to participation, all individuals provided written informed consent after receiving a comprehensive briefing on the study’s objectives, procedures, and their right to withdraw at any time.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
