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Authors
Abu-Qutaish, Roa’a https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3081-0904
Alosta, Mohammad R. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-3391
Abu-Shosha, Ghada
Oweidat, Islam Ali
Nashwan, Abdulqadir J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4845-4119
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Article History
Received: 25 February 2025
Accepted: 30 June 2025
First Online: 4 July 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted following the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The research protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Zarqa University (12/2023). All participants provided informed consent, having read and signed a statement that explained the study’s purpose, assured confidentiality and anonymity, and outlined their right to withdraw from the study at any time.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
