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Article History

Received: 23 November 2024

Accepted: 30 June 2025

First Online: 3 July 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, with ethical approval obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Ibn Sina College of Health Professions (Approval Number: ISC-2024-003). All participants provided informed consent before participation, and the survey introduction included a detailed explanation of the study’s purpose, voluntary nature, and confidentiality assurances. Participants were informed that they could withdraw at any time without consequences. To ensure confidentiality, all data were collected anonymously through a secure online survey platform, with no identifying information recorded or linked to participants’ responses. The data were stored in a password-protected database accessible only to the research team.

: We affirm that this work is original and has not been published elsewhere, except as noted in the manuscript.

: The authors declare no competing interests.