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Authors
Chen, Junjie
Liu, Wenhui
Tang, Chaozhen
Yu, Minrui
Wang, Ziwen
Ma, Chunhua
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Teaching Quality and Reform Project, Department of Education of Guangdong Province, China (2023040824)
The Education Science Project of Guangzhou Medical University (2022-124)
the Tertiary Education Scientific Research Project of the Guangzhou Municipal Education Bureau. (2024312072)
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Article History
Received: 28 August 2024
Accepted: 11 July 2025
First Online: 16 July 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Guangzhou Medical University (approval no. 2019046). Written consents were obtained from all participants. All participants have consented to participate the study. This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki to this effect in the ‘Ethics approval and consent to participate’ section of the Declarations.
: All authors agree to the final manuscript to submit BMC Nursing.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
