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Authors
Salam, Mansoura Aid Abed El
Fakhry, Samah Faisal
Elsayed, Samah Mohamed
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ain Shams University
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Article History
Received: 3 July 2025
Accepted: 30 July 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. Participation was voluntary, and confidentiality and anonymity were ensured throughout the research process.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
