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Authors
Lee, Seung Eun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4173-3337
Lee, Hyun Joo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6556-5326
Dahinten, V. Susan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5469-922X
Seo, Won Jin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2410-6104
Lim, Heejin https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7548-0445
Kim, Hanjoe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0682-9835
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (RS-2023-00208138)
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Article History
Received: 8 June 2025
Accepted: 4 August 2025
First Online: 8 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study adheres to the ethical guidelines and principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Yonsei University Health System Ethics Committee (IRB Number: 4-2023-0977). Participation was voluntary, with written informed consent obtained after explaining the study’s objectives, procedures, and participants’ rights, including the right to withdraw without penalty. Data confidentiality and participant anonymity were strictly upheld by coding all identifiable information to protect participant privacy.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
