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Authors
Kong, Yu
Chang, Tianying
Cui, Yanyan
Ding, Xianfei
Liu, Wenhui
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Article History
Received: 24 June 2025
Accepted: 22 August 2025
First Online: 25 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (ethics approval number: 2024-KY-1188). This survey was completely anonymous and confidential. All nurses involved in the survey provided informed consent and participated voluntarily.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
