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Authors
Nematollahi Maleki, Reza https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6636-9112
Shahbazi, Shahla
Hoseinzadeh, Mina
Ghafourifard, Mansour
Gholizad Gougjehyaran, Hamed
Faravan, Amir
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Article History
Received: 21 April 2025
Accepted: 28 August 2025
First Online: 24 September 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by ethical committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (IR.TBZMED.VCR.REC.1404.106). This study is a concept analysis using the Walker and Avant approach based on a literature review and did not involve human or animal subjects, experiments, or the use of human cell or tissue samples.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
