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Authors
Toluk, Murat https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1021-2096
Alagöz, Ece https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4913-0944
Afşar, Füsun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4421-3089
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Article History
Received: 25 April 2025
Accepted: 4 September 2025
First Online: 30 September 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Okan University Ethics Committee on June 14, 2023, with decision number 31. Institutional permission was also granted by the Istanbul Provincial Health Directorate on October 13, 2023. Informed consent was obtained from all participants before data collection. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Additionally, permission to use the PCCSS and EESS scales was obtained from the individuals who conducted the Turkish validity and reliability studies of these scales.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
