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Authors
Zheng, Yingjun
Xia, Chengyu
Ji, Liuxia
Guo, Hao
Liu, Hui
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province of China (A2024795)
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Article History
Received: 16 May 2025
Accepted: 8 September 2025
First Online: 26 September 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (No. 2024-30). The approval covered all study phases, including needs assessment interviews, Delphi counselling, and pilot testing. All participants, including patients and nurses, were voluntary, and all participants were informed that they could withdraw from the study without providing a reason or facing any consequences. Written informed consent was obtained and securely stored. Participants provided informed consent before participating in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
