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Authors
Shi, Zhongjie
Huang, Hualing
Shi, Taotao
Li, Dongfeng
Li, Chongfei
Chen, Yixia
Li, Zhangyu
Chen, Sifang
Wang, Zhanxiang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (2022J011355)
Young and Middle-aged Backbone Talent Training Project of Fujian Provincial Health Commission (2022GGB010)
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Article History
Received: 26 April 2025
Accepted: 10 September 2025
First Online: 8 October 2025
Declarations
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: Written informed consent to participate in the study and to allow the use of clinical data was obtained from all patients who were conscious before surgery. For emergency cases or patients with impaired consciousness, written informed consent was obtained from their legal representatives. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committees and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Boards of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Sanya Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
