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Authors
Zhang, Ruike
Shao, Daxing
Huang, Haifeng
Zhang, Yichun
Lin, Jing
Wu, Wenping
Liang, Haiyan
Lian, Rongli
Zhou, Song
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Research Project on Continuous Improvement of Medical Quality Evidence-Based Management at the Hospital Management Research Institute of the National Health Commission (YLZLXZ22G031)
Research Project of Nursing Discipline of Journal of Chinese Medical Association (CMAPH-NRI2022062)
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Article History
Received: 28 April 2025
Accepted: 26 September 2025
First Online: 21 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (Approval Date: 9/11/2023, Reference Number: K194-1). All methods included in this study are in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
