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Authors
Ruotsalainen, Salla
Väisänen, Visa
Corneliusson, Laura
Pesonen, Tiina
Sulander, Juhani
Sinervo, Timo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
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Article History
Received: 22 November 2024
Accepted: 18 October 2025
First Online: 30 October 2025
Declarations
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: The ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Board of the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL/1447/6.02.01/2021). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Participation of units in the study was voluntary. The time measurement forms were filled as a part of the employees’ workday. Participation in the wellbeing survey was voluntary, and this was stated to the participants in the cover letter and in the forms. Informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants in the study. The Ethical Board of the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare has approved the practice whereby completing and returning the survey is regarded as equivalent to written consent, provided that the procedure is clearly explained in the cover letter. Therefore, written consent was not required. The survey was conducted anonymously, and requesting written consent would have compromised the anonymity of the respondents.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
