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Article History

Received: 26 April 2025

Accepted: 20 October 2025

First Online: 10 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (approval number: KYLL2024468). All procedures conformed to the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation and the Helsinki Declaration. Data were collected only after obtaining informed and written consent from each participant.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. The participants consented to the publication of the data for research purposes, with the understanding that all data would be presented anonymously.

: The authors declare no competing interests.