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Article History

Received: 21 March 2025

Accepted: 22 October 2025

First Online: 31 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The Swedish Ethical Review Authority requires no ethical approval for studies involving care providers when no physical procedures are involved, if there is no risk of physical or psychological harm, or if no sensitive personal data (e.g., political opinions or religious beliefs) are collected [ ]. In this study, no sensitive data were collected. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki [ ]. All participants signed a consent form. The participants were informed verbally and in writing that their participation in the study was voluntary and that they could withdraw from the study at any time by contacting one of the researchers without explanation or consequences(no participant chose to withdraw). The head of the surgical department approved the study. The workshop package was part of the wards’ in-job training; therefore, great care was taken to ensure that the nursing staff were informed about voluntary participation. Also, participation in the workshop was possible without participating in the study; a number of workshop participants declined to participate in the study. For example, it was possible to participate less actively in discussions and to omit performing the individual written reflection.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.