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Authors
Fukumori, Takaki
Shirai, Yuki
Takebayashi, Yoshitake
Asai, Mariko
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (22K03172)
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Article History
Received: 2 June 2025
Accepted: 24 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University (Approval No. 218) and the Nursing Research Review Committee, Department of Nursing, Kyoto University Hospital (Approval No. 20 − 016). Survey participation was voluntary, and informed consent was obtained through participants’ confirmation on the questionnaire’s face sheet.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
