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Article History

Received: 9 July 2025

Accepted: 13 November 2025

First Online: 12 December 2025

Declarations

:

: Every approach and method used in this study was done in compliance with all applicable guidelines and rules. We confirm that our study was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Nursing/Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, [code number: 25.02.570] based on the standards of the committee, Faculty of Nursing/Ain Shams University. An official letter containing the title and the aim of the study was sent from the dean of the Faculty of Nursing at Ain Shams University to the director of each setting to obtain approval from the hospital administrator for data collection in the abovementioned settings. Informed consent for participation in the study was obtained from nurse interns after clarifying all aspects of the study. The study did not directly or indirectly expose nurses or nursing students to any diagnosis or treatment.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.