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Article History

Received: 18 June 2025

Accepted: 17 November 2025

First Online: 25 November 2025

Declarations

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: To uphold ethical standards and protect the well-being of participants, this study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from Majmaah University’s Research Ethical Committee (IRB number MUREC-Oct 28/COM-2024/55). Participants were assured of anonymity, confidentiality, and privacy, with data anonymized and securely stored on a password-protected laptop. Verbal and written consent was obtained, and participants were provided with study details and the opportunity to ask questions before the interviews. They were informed of their right to withdraw at any time, with the option to have their data withdrawn until the analysis stage. Pseudonyms were used in notes and transcripts, with no names included in reports or publications [ ]. Data protection includes securely storing documents and audio recordings, and raw data will be kept for 10 years. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. Each participant was provided with a written consent form to read and sign before taking part in the study. The form included detailed information about the study’s purpose, procedures, potential risks and benefits, confidentiality, and the participants’ rights, including the right to withdraw at any time without any consequences. The ethical approval granted for this research covered all these aspects to ensure participants’ rights and well-being were fully protected.

: Participants gave informed written consent for participation in the study and publication of the results.

: The authors declare no competing interests.