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Article History

Received: 19 June 2025

Accepted: 19 November 2025

First Online: 21 November 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval was obtained from the “Noninvasive Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Agri Ibrahim Cecen University” (date: 22/06/2022 no: 186). All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Prior to data collection, participants were fully informed about the purpose and scope of the study, and written informed consent was obtained. Participation was entirely voluntary, and the anonymity and confidentiality of all personal data were rigorously protected throughout the research process.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.