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Authors
Zaky, Mohammed Elsayed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4244-1459
Elsayed, Shimmaa Mohamed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2065-7494
Alsadaan, Nourah https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7285-0184
Awad Ali, Shaimaa Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0786-2343
Farghaly, Shimaa Magdy https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6399-4685
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cairo University
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Article History
Received: 14 March 2025
Accepted: 24 November 2025
First Online: 25 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Nursing at Damanhur University, Egypt No (65-a) 17/11/2022. All methods were carried out in accordance with the STROBE guidelines and the declaration of Helsinki. Electronic informed consent was obtained from all participants through online forms prior to their participation, and confidentiality was maintained throughout the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
