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Authors
Gouda, Amel Dawod Kamel
Sorour, Marwa Samir
Ayoub, Amany Salama
Aboushady, Reda M. Nabil
Awad, Mai Nour Eldien Mohamed Mohamed
Swerky, Fatma Mohamed El
Ayed, Manal Mohamed Ahmed
Elrefay, Basma W.
Elshnawie, Hend Abdelmonem Eid
Elsayed, Heba Taha Mahmoud
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tanta University
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Article History
Received: 11 August 2025
Accepted: 12 December 2025
First Online: 10 January 2026
Declarations
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: The Declaration of Helsinki’s highest ethical standards were followed in this study to protect each participant’s rights, privacy, and welfare. This study was approved by the Sohag University Scientific Research Ethics Committee, Egypt (IRB 88–6-2023). All participants were adults, received written study information, and provided written informed consent prior to data collection. Participation was voluntary and did not affect academic standing.
: Not applicable. The manuscript contains no person’s data in any form (including images, videos, or quotations) that would require additional consent. The Declaration of Helsinki’s highest ethical standards were followed in this study to protect each participant’s rights, privacy, and welfare.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
