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Authors
Salehs, Manal Saleh Moustafa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7567-3515
Ata, Azza Abdeldayem
Alshahrani, Sahar Rafdan
El-Sayed, Sahar Hamdy
Fathy, Reem Hashem
Elmashad, Hanan Awad M.
Abdelwahid, Aisha Elsayed-El Araby
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Article History
Received: 19 September 2025
Accepted: 5 January 2026
First Online: 19 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study adhered to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (October 2008) and received approval from the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Nursing, Zagazig University (Ref. No. 379 − 24). The study’s purpose and procedures were clearly explained on the first page of the questionnaire, and informed written consent was obtained from all participants. Participation was voluntary, with assurances of anonymity, confidentiality, and the right to withdraw at any time without academic consequences.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
